by selling newspapers:He lives by selling newspapers.

他靠卖报纸为生。

by talking on line:He keeps in touch with his son by taling on line.

他通过在线与儿子保持联系。

by swimming:The boy often crosses the river by 搜趣网swimming.

这个男孩经常游泳过河。

by running:He got there by running not by bike.

他是通过跑步而不是骑自行车到达那里的。

by shouting:The girl attacted her teacher by shouting.

那女孩大喊大叫，攻击她的老师。

by后面接动词的时候需要用动名词形式，即为动词的ing形式，一般表示通过某种方式。

介词by的用法

1、意为“在……旁”，“靠近”。

Some are singing and dancing under a big tree. Some are drawing by the lake.

有的在大树下唱歌跳舞。有的在湖边画画儿。

2、意为“不迟于www.souquanme.com”，“到……时为止”。

Your son will be all right by supper time.

你的儿子在晚饭前会好的。

3、表示方法、手段,可译作“靠”、“用”、“凭借”、“通过”、“乘坐”等。

The monkey was hanging from the tree by his tail and laughing.

猴子用尾巴吊在树上哈哈大笑。

4、表示“逐个”，“逐批”的意思。

One by one they went past the table in the dar//www.souquanme.comk.

他们一个一个得在黑暗中经过这张桌子。

5、表示“根据”，“按照”的意思。

What time is iBoUsLtt by your watch?

你的表几点了?

6、和take , hold等动词连用，说明接触身体的某一部分。

I took him by the hand.

我拉住了他的手。

7、用于被动句中，表示行为主体,常译作“被”、“由”等。

English is spoken by many people.

英语被许多人说。(即“许多人讲英语。”)

扩展资料

相关短语：

1、by name

该介宾词//www.souquanme.com组的意思是“名叫……”；“凭名字”。如：

①He met a man, John by name.

②I knew him only by name.

2、by one’s first marriage通过或由于某人的第一次婚姻

介词by有许多含义，在此处意为“通过”，相当于through。

He left by the first train.他乘第一次列车离开了。

The electricity supply is operated by a switch.供电由一个开关控制。

3、by the age of/at the age of,by到……时为止。表示的是一段时间，句子通常用完成时态。

1：I was attacked by a dog.

我被一条狗袭击。

2：A church designed by the famous architect, Sir Christopher Wren.

著名建筑师克里斯托弗雷恩爵士设计的一座教堂。

3：We are all alarmed by the rise in violent crime.

我们都对暴力罪案的增加感到忧虑。