高分!用现在完成时造句!
肯定句;否定句;疑问句;各五句!杜绝网上抄袭!!!1我要原创!!!!!!!!!现在完成时用法解析
1.构成
现在完成时是由助动词 have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围。它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。过去分词是主要的谓语动词,说明句子的意义。
2.用法
(1)表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间,但对现在留下了某种影响和结果。常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。如:
-Have you had lunch yet? -Yes,I have. I've just had it.
你(已经)吃午饭了吗? 我刚刚吃过。(现在我不饿了)
(2)表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止,可能仍然在进行。常带有for和since等表示一段时间的状语。 如:He has taught here since 1981
他自1981年就在这儿教书。(可能还要继续教)
I have't seen her for four years.
我有四年没见到她了。
(3)表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作,现在成为一种经验,一般译为汉语“过”,常带有twice,ever,never,three times等时间状语。
如: I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京二次。
3.现在完成时的时间状语
(1)现在完成时属于现在时范围,故不能和过去的时间状语连用。如:yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。但是,在强调动作产生的后果和影响时,可以和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用。
a. 用副词already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中,yet一般用于否定句和 疑问句中。如:We have already finished our homework.www.souquanme.com我们已完成作业了。
They haven't finished their homework yet.他们还没有完成作业。
b.用ever 和never。多用于否定或疑问句中,表示“曾经”或“从未“等。 如:-Have you ever been to the Great Wall?你曾经去过长城吗?
-I have never been to the Great Wall.我从未去过长城。
c.用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语,如just,before,up to now,the past few years等。例如:I have seen her before,but I can not remember where.
我以前见过她,但记不起在哪里见过。
He has been there three times the last few days.
近几年他去过那里三次了。
d.用包括“现在”在内的时间状语,如:now,today,this morning(month,year,term)等。例如:-Have you met him today?-No,I haven't.
今天你见过他吗?我 没有。
How many times have you been there this year?
今年你去过那里多少次?
(2)现在完成时可以和带有since或for等表示“一段时间”的状语连用,表示动作或状态从某一时刻开始,一直持续到现在。如:I haven't seen him for two years. 但是,像come,arrive,buy等终止性动词不能与表示“一段时间”的状语连用。要用,必须改为“be(在)”等延续性动词来表述。现归纳总结一下由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换:
arrive→be here begin(start)→be on
die →be dead PHnFyCj come back→be back
leave →be away fall ill(sick,asleep)→be ill(sick,asleep)
get up→be up go out →be out
finish →be over put on →wear 或be on
open →be open join →be in或 be a member of…
close →be closed go to school→be a student
borrow →keep buy →have
catch(a cold)→ have(a cold) get to know →know
begin to study→study come to work→work等
如:He has been a soldier for three years.他参军三年了。
His father has been dead for two years.他父亲去世二年了。
The film has been on for ten minutes.电影已开始十分钟了。
We have studied En搜趣网glish for three years. 我们(开始)学英语已三年了。
4.现在完成时和一般过去时的区别
现在完成时和一般过去时都表示在过去完成的动作。但现在完成时强调的是这一动作与现在的关系。如对现在产生的结果或影响等,而一般过去时只表示动作在过去某一时刻发搜趣网生,不表示和现在的关系。试比较:
I have lost my new book. 我把新书丢了。(现在还未找到)
I lost my new book yesterday. 我昨天把新书丢了。(昨天丢的,现在找到与否没说明)
5.几点注意事项
(1)have been(to)与have gone( to)的区别:have been(to)表示“去过某地(现在已经回来了)”,可用于各人称;have gone(to)表示“去某地了(说话时某人不在当地)”,常用于第三人称,前者可与once ,never,several times等连用,后者则不能。如:They have been to Beijing twice.他们去过北京两次。
He has gone to Beijing . 他去北京了。
(2)如单纯表示一段时间,或强调一段时间,虽有since一词,也不必用完成时。如:It is two years since his father died. =His father has been dead for two years.他父亲去世已有三年了。
(3)终止性动词现在完成时的否定式,已变成一种可以延续的状态,因此可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。
如:I haven't left here since 1997.自从1997年以来,我一直没有离开过这儿。
1.构成
现在完成时是由助动词 have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围。它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。过去分词是主要的谓语动词,说明句子的意义。
2.用法
(1)表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间,但对现在留下了某种影响和结果。常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。如:
-Have you had lunch yet? -Yes,I have. I've just had it.
你(已经)吃午饭了吗? 我刚刚吃过。(现在我不饿了)
(2)表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止,可能仍然在进行。常带有for和since等表示一段时间的状语。 如:He has taught here since 1981
他自1981年就在这儿教书。(可能还要继续教)
I have't seen her for four years.
我有四年没见到她了。
(3)表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作,现在成为一种经验,一般译为汉语“过”,常带有twice,ever,never,three times等时间状语。
如: I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京二次。
3.现在完成时的时间状语
(1)现在完成时属于现在时范围,故不能和过去的时间状语连用。如:yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。但是,在强调动作产生的后果和影响时,可以和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用。
a. 用副词already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中,yet一般用于否定句和 疑问句中。如:We have already finished our homework.www.souquanme.com我们已完成作业了。
They haven't finished their homework yet.他们还没有完成作业。
b.用ever 和never。多用于否定或疑问句中,表示“曾经”或“从未“等。 如:-Have you ever been to the Great Wall?你曾经去过长城吗?
-I have never been to the Great Wall.我从未去过长城。
c.用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语,如just,before,up to now,the past few years等。例如:I have seen her before,but I can not remember where.
我以前见过她,但记不起在哪里见过。
He has been there three times the last few days.
近几年他去过那里三次了。
d.用包括“现在”在内的时间状语,如:now,today,this morning(month,year,term)等。例如:-Have you met him today?-No,I haven't.
今天你见过他吗?我 没有。
How many times have you been there this year?
今年你去过那里多少次?
(2)现在完成时可以和带有since或for等表示“一段时间”的状语连用,表示动作或状态从某一时刻开始,一直持续到现在。如:I haven't seen him for two years. 但是,像come,arrive,buy等终止性动词不能与表示“一段时间”的状语连用。要用,必须改为“be(在)”等延续性动词来表述。现归纳总结一下由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换:
arrive→be here begin(start)→be on
die →be dead PHnFyCj come back→be back
leave →be away fall ill(sick,asleep)→be ill(sick,asleep)
get up→be up go out →be out
finish →be over put on →wear 或be on
open →be open join →be in或 be a member of…
close →be closed go to school→be a student
borrow →keep buy →have
catch(a cold)→ have(a cold) get to know →know
begin to study→study come to work→work等
如:He has been a soldier for three years.他参军三年了。
His father has been dead for two years.他父亲去世二年了。
The film has been on for ten minutes.电影已开始十分钟了。
We have studied En搜趣网glish for three years. 我们(开始)学英语已三年了。
4.现在完成时和一般过去时的区别
现在完成时和一般过去时都表示在过去完成的动作。但现在完成时强调的是这一动作与现在的关系。如对现在产生的结果或影响等,而一般过去时只表示动作在过去某一时刻发搜趣网生,不表示和现在的关系。试比较:
I have lost my new book. 我把新书丢了。(现在还未找到)
I lost my new book yesterday. 我昨天把新书丢了。(昨天丢的,现在找到与否没说明)
5.几点注意事项
(1)have been(to)与have gone( to)的区别:have been(to)表示“去过某地(现在已经回来了)”,可用于各人称;have gone(to)表示“去某地了(说话时某人不在当地)”,常用于第三人称,前者可与once ,never,several times等连用,后者则不能。如:They have been to Beijing twice.他们去过北京两次。
He has gone to Beijing . 他去北京了。
(2)如单纯表示一段时间,或强调一段时间,虽有since一词,也不必用完成时。如:It is two years since his father died. =His father has been dead for two years.他父亲去世已有三年了。
(3)终止性动词现在完成时的否定式,已变成一种可以延续的状态,因此可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。
如:I haven't left here since 1997.自从1997年以来,我一直没有离开过这儿。
现在完成时
现在完成时构成、用法、时间状语……构成:主语+have/has+动词的过去分词(done)
①肯定句:主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+宾语.
②否定句:主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词+宾语.
③一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+宾语.
④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句(have/has+主语+过去分词+其他)
时间状语:
1. 与表示一段时间的状语连用,如“ for +段时间”,“ since +时间点”。
2. 与笼统表示过去时间的状语连用,如 already, never, ever, just 等。含有这类时间状语的句子,其谓语动词表示句中的行为或动作发生在过去,但对现在有影响。
3. 与表示包含过去和现在的一整段时间的状语连用,如 lately, recently, in the past few years, these few years, these days, up to now, so far 等
注意:现在完成时不能与单纯表示过去时间的状语连用,如 yesterday, last week, in 2002, three days ago 等
用法:
(1)现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在.
(2)现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作(用行为动词表示)或状态(be动词表示)常与for(+时间段),since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用.
注意:瞬间动词(即表示的动作在瞬间就可以完成,不能延续下去。往往表示动作的结果,或表示短暂性、一次性的动作。 )不能与for和since连用,需要转换成延续动词。
较为常见的转换有:
1. have arrived at/in sw. got to/reached sw. come/gone/moved to sw. →have been in sw./at…相应的介词
2. have come/gone back/returned → have been back
3. have come/gone out →have been out
4. have become → have been
5. have closed / opened→ have been close/open
6. have got up → have been up;
7. have died → have been dead;
8. have left sw. → have been away from sw.
9. have fallen asleep/got to sleep → have been asleep;
10. have finished/ended/completed → have been over;
11. havemarried → have been married;
12. have started/begun to do sth. → have done sth. ;
13. have begun → have been on
14. have borrowed/bought →have kept/had
15. have lost → haven’t had
16. have put on →have worn
17. have caught /get a cold → have had a cold;
18. have got to know → have known
19. have/has gone to → have been in
20. have joined/have taken part in the league/the Party/the army →have been a member of/ have been in/have been the Party’s member/the league member/the soldier
还有用“be+形容词”代终止性动词
1、be+married代marry
2、be+ill代fall (get) ill
3、be+dead代die
4、be+asleep代fall (get) asleep
5、be+awake代wake/wake up
6、be+gone代lose,die,sell,leave
7、be+open代open
8、be closed代close/shut
9、be+missing(gone,lost)代lose
用“be+副词”代终止性动词
1“be+on”代start,begin
2“be+up”代get up
3“be+back(to)”代return to,come back to,go back to
4“be here (there)”代come(arrive,reach,get) here或go (arrive,reach,get) there等等
用“be+介词短语”代终止性动词
1.“be in/at +地点”代替go to /come to
2.用be in the army 代替join the army
3.“be in/at +地点”代替move to
动词转换是个很常见的考点,建议好好背背。
①肯定句:主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+宾语.
②否定句:主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词+宾语.
③一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+宾语.
④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句(have/has+主语+过去分词+其他)
时间状语:
1. 与表示一段时间的状语连用,如“ for +段时间”,“ since +时间点”。
2. 与笼统表示过去时间的状语连用,如 already, never, ever, just 等。含有这类时间状语的句子,其谓语动词表示句中的行为或动作发生在过去,但对现在有影响。
3. 与表示包含过去和现在的一整段时间的状语连用,如 lately, recently, in the past few years, these few years, these days, up to now, so far 等
注意:现在完成时不能与单纯表示过去时间的状语连用,如 yesterday, last week, in 2002, three days ago 等
用法:
(1)现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在.
(2)现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作(用行为动词表示)或状态(be动词表示)常与for(+时间段),since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用.
注意:瞬间动词(即表示的动作在瞬间就可以完成,不能延续下去。往往表示动作的结果,或表示短暂性、一次性的动作。 )不能与for和since连用,需要转换成延续动词。
较为常见的转换有:
1. have arrived at/in sw. got to/reached sw. come/gone/moved to sw. →have been in sw./at…相应的介词
2. have come/gone back/returned → have been back
3. have come/gone out →have been out
4. have become → have been
5. have closed / opened→ have been close/open
6. have got up → have been up;
7. have died → have been dead;
8. have left sw. → have been away from sw.
9. have fallen asleep/got to sleep → have been asleep;
10. have finished/ended/completed → have been over;
11. havemarried → have been married;
12. have started/begun to do sth. → have done sth. ;
13. have begun → have been on
14. have borrowed/bought →have kept/had
15. have lost → haven’t had
16. have put on →have worn
17. have caught /get a cold → have had a cold;
18. have got to know → have known
19. have/has gone to → have been in
20. have joined/have taken part in the league/the Party/the army →have been a member of/ have been in/have been the Party’s member/the league member/the soldier
还有用“be+形容词”代终止性动词
1、be+married代marry
2、be+ill代fall (get) ill
3、be+dead代die
4、be+asleep代fall (get) asleep
5、be+awake代wake/wake up
6、be+gone代lose,die,sell,leave
7、be+open代open
8、be closed代close/shut
9、be+missing(gone,lost)代lose
用“be+副词”代终止性动词
1“be+on”代start,begin
2“be+up”代get up
3“be+back(to)”代return to,come back to,go back to
4“be here (there)”代come(arrive,reach,get) here或go (arrive,reach,get) there等等
用“be+介词短语”代终止性动词
1.“be in/at +地点”代替go to /come to
2.用be in the army 代替join the army
3.“be in/at +地点”代替move to
动词转换是个很常见的考点,建议好好背背。
初二英语现在完成时
现在完成是:用have/has been to …和have/has gone to …各造两个句子neither的用法,举例造句用buy---have、join--be in/be a member、open--be open 、begin--be on各造一句子一、have/has been to …:I have never been to Beijing.
have/has gone to …:He has gone to Shanghai,so he isn't here now.
二、neither/either:①作主语时,可单独使用,也可以与of连用,either,neither接谓语动词一般用单数形式,但这两者在口语中作主语时,其后的谓语动词也可以用复数。例如:
Either(of them)is OK. (他们两个中)任何一个都行。
②作宾语,可单独使用,也可以与of连用,放在动词或介词之后。例如:
I don't know which book is the better;I shall read both.我不知道这两本书哪一本好,所以我两本都读。
I like neither.(两个)我一个也不喜欢。
③作定语,either和neither后面接单数名词。例如:
On either side of the river there are a lot of trees.河的两边都有许多树。
句中可作主//www.souquanme.com语、宾语和定语。
Neither of the films is good.
两部电影都不好。(没有一部是好的)
Either of the films is good.
(作主语,谓语动词用单数)
两部电影中有一部不错。
He wrote to neither of them.
他没给他们两个任何一个人写信。
He wrote to either of them.(作宾语)
他给他们中的一个人写了信。
Neither teacher often answers the questions.
这两个老师,没有一个经常解答问题。
Either teacher often answers the questions.
这两个老师中有一个常常解答问题。
Both the teachers often answer the questions.(作定语)
三、join--be in/be a member:join是"加入"的意思,后常接“某组织、团体、俱乐部等”
例如:入党(join the Party) 参军(join the army)
而"join in"是"参加"的意思,常用于:join sb in +活动名称
如:join us in the games
还有"take part in"也是"参加"的意思
例如:参加歌咏小组(take part in the singing group)
还有"enter for"是"报名参加"的意思
例如:报名参加数学竞赛(enter for the maths contest)
当join和join in当“参加”讲时,
join表示参加某一团体、组织、机构,并作为其中一员(如:入党、入团、入会、参军等)
e.g.He joined the Labour Party/this company in 1999.
他1999年加入了工党/这家公司。
join in: to take part in an activity 参加(活动)
e.g.We all joined in the singing.我们大家一起唱歌。
另外:join也有to take part in an activity的意思
但join后接的名词似乎更加抽象
e.g.Come on in and join the fun!快进来一起玩吧
attend 是出席的意思,表示在某种比较正式的场合出现。例如,上课,会议等。
attend a meeting/ party/wedding
attend school/university
至于join 与be a member of的区别如下;
join是短暂性动词,不能与“for + 一段时间”搭配,而“be a member of”是延续性动词,能和“for + 一段时间”搭配。比较常见于现在完成时的句型转换中。
如:He joined the army in 2002.
He has been a member of the army for five years.
四、open--be open
open:open在此为动词表动作 He opened the door.
be open:open在此为形容词表状态 The door is open.
五:begin--Class is begin.
be on--The dog is on the table.
have/has gone to …:He has gone to Shanghai,so he isn't here now.
二、neither/either:①作主语时,可单独使用,也可以与of连用,either,neither接谓语动词一般用单数形式,但这两者在口语中作主语时,其后的谓语动词也可以用复数。例如:
Either(of them)is OK. (他们两个中)任何一个都行。
②作宾语,可单独使用,也可以与of连用,放在动词或介词之后。例如:
I don't know which book is the better;I shall read both.我不知道这两本书哪一本好,所以我两本都读。
I like neither.(两个)我一个也不喜欢。
③作定语,either和neither后面接单数名词。例如:
On either side of the river there are a lot of trees.河的两边都有许多树。
句中可作主//www.souquanme.com语、宾语和定语。
Neither of the films is good.
两部电影都不好。(没有一部是好的)
Either of the films is good.
(作主语,谓语动词用单数)
两部电影中有一部不错。
He wrote to neither of them.
他没给他们两个任何一个人写信。
He wrote to either of them.(作宾语)
他给他们中的一个人写了信。
Neither teacher often answers the questions.
这两个老师,没有一个经常解答问题。
Either teacher often answers the questions.
这两个老师中有一个常常解答问题。
Both the teachers often answer the questions.(作定语)
三、join--be in/be a member:join是"加入"的意思,后常接“某组织、团体、俱乐部等”
例如:入党(join the Party) 参军(join the army)
而"join in"是"参加"的意思,常用于:join sb in +活动名称
如:join us in the games
还有"take part in"也是"参加"的意思
例如:参加歌咏小组(take part in the singing group)
还有"enter for"是"报名参加"的意思
例如:报名参加数学竞赛(enter for the maths contest)
当join和join in当“参加”讲时,
join表示参加某一团体、组织、机构,并作为其中一员(如:入党、入团、入会、参军等)
e.g.He joined the Labour Party/this company in 1999.
他1999年加入了工党/这家公司。
join in: to take part in an activity 参加(活动)
e.g.We all joined in the singing.我们大家一起唱歌。
另外:join也有to take part in an activity的意思
但join后接的名词似乎更加抽象
e.g.Come on in and join the fun!快进来一起玩吧
attend 是出席的意思,表示在某种比较正式的场合出现。例如,上课,会议等。
attend a meeting/ party/wedding
attend school/university
至于join 与be a member of的区别如下;
join是短暂性动词,不能与“for + 一段时间”搭配,而“be a member of”是延续性动词,能和“for + 一段时间”搭配。比较常见于现在完成时的句型转换中。
如:He joined the army in 2002.
He has been a member of the army for five years.
四、open--be open
open:open在此为动词表动作 He opened the door.
be open:open在此为形容词表状态 The door is open.
五:begin--Class is begin.
be on--The dog is on the table.