陶渊明到世外桃源时写下的诗是《桃花源记》。

《桃花源记》

朝代：魏晋时期   作者：陶渊明

晋太元中，武陵人捕鱼为业。缘溪行，忘路之远近。忽逢桃花林，夹岸数百步，中无杂树，芳草鲜美，落英缤纷，渔人甚异之。复前行，欲穷其林。

林尽水源，便得一山，山有小口，仿佛若有光。便舍船，从口入。初极狭，才通人。复行数十步，豁然开朗。

土地平旷，屋舍俨然，有良田美池桑竹之属。阡陌交通，鸡犬相闻。其中往来种作，男女衣着，悉如外人。黄发垂髫，并怡然自乐。

见渔人，乃大惊，问所从来。具答之。便要还家，设酒杀鸡作食。村中闻有此人，咸来问讯。自云先世避秦时乱，率妻子邑人来此绝境，不复出焉，遂与外人间隔。问今是何世，乃不知有汉，无论魏晋。

此人一一为具言所闻，皆叹惋。余人各复延至其家，皆出酒食。停数日，辞去。此中人语云：“不足为外人道也。”(间隔 一作：隔绝)

既出，得其船，便扶向路，处处志之。及郡下，诣太守，说如此。太守即遣人随其往，寻向所志，遂迷，不复得路。

南阳刘子骥，高尚士也，闻之，欣然规往。未果，寻病终，后遂无问津者。

译文对照：

东晋太元年间，武陵有个人以打渔为生。（一天）他沿着溪水划船，忘记了路程的远近。忽然遇到一片桃林，在小溪两岸几百步之内，中间没有别的树，花草鲜嫩美丽，地上的落花繁多交杂。渔人对此感到十分诧异。便继续往前走，想要走到林子的尽头。

桃林的尽头就是溪水的源头，渔人发现了一座小山，山上有个小洞口，洞里隐隐约约的好像有点光搜趣网亮。（渔人）便舍弃了船，从洞口进去。最初，山洞很狭窄，只容一个人通过；又走了几十步，突然变得开阔明亮了。

（呈现在渔人眼前的是）一片平坦宽广的土地，一排排整齐的房舍，还有肥沃的田地、美丽的池塘，有桑树、竹林这类的植物。田间小路交错相通，鸡鸣狗吠的声音此起彼伏。在田野里来来往往耕种劳作的人们，男女的穿着打扮和外面的人都一样。老人和小孩，都怡然并自得其乐。

（村里的人）看见了渔人，感到非常惊讶，问他是从哪儿来的。（渔人）把自己知道的事都详细的一一作了回答。村中人就邀请渔人到自己家里去，摆了酒、杀了鸡做饭来款待他。村子里的人听说来了这么一个人，都来打听消息。

他们自己说他们的祖先为了躲避秦时的战乱，领着妻子儿女和乡邻们来到这个与世人隔绝的地方，不再从这里出去，所以跟桃花源外面的人断绝了来往。（这里的人）问如今是什么朝代，他们竟然不知道有过汉朝，更不用说魏、晋两朝了。

渔人把自己所知道的事一一详细地告诉了他们。听完，他们都感叹惋惜。其余的人各自又把渔人邀请到自己家中，拿出酒菜来款待他。渔人逗留了几天后，向村里人告辞。村里的人告诉他：“（这里的情况）不值得对桃花源外的人说啊。”

（渔人）出来以后，找到了他的船，就顺着来时的路回去，处处都做了记号。他到了郡城，去拜见太守，说了这番经历。太守立即派人跟着他去，寻找先前所做的记号，最终迷路了，再也找不到通往桃花源的路了。

南阳有个名叫刘子骥的人，是位高尚的读书人，他听到这个消息，高兴地计划着前往桃花源。但是没有实现，他不久就病死了。后来就再也没有探访桃花源的人了。

赏析：

本文通过对桃花源的安宁和乐、自由平等生活的描绘，表现了作者追求美好生活的理想和对现实生活的不满。

文章开端，先以美好闲静、“芳草鲜美，落英缤纷”的桃花林作为铺垫，引出一个质朴自然化的世界。在那里，一切都是那么单纯，那么美好，没有税赋，没有战乱，没有沽名钓誉，也没有勾心斗角。

甚至连一点吵吵嚷嚷的声音都听不到。人与人之间的关系也是那么平和，那么诚恳。造成这一切的原因，作者没有明说，但从“乃不知有汉，无论魏晋”一句中已隐约透露了消息：原来归根结底，是因为没有一个高踞人民头上为私利互相攻伐的统治集团。

这个幻想中的桃源世界，对生活在虚伪黑暗、战乱频繁、流血不断的现实世界中的人们来说，无疑是令人神往的。作者的简净笔触，恰如其分地表现出桃花源的气氛，使文章更富有感染力。

当然，这种理想的境界在当时现实中是不存在的，只是作者通过对大同社会的构想，艺术地展现了大同社会的风貌，是不满黑暗现实的一种精神寄托，表现了作者对理想社会的憧憬以及对现实社会的不满。

陶渊明成功地运用了虚景实写的手法，使人感受到桃源仙境是一个真实的存在，显示出高超的叙事写景的艺术才能。但《桃花源记》的艺术成就和魅力绝不仅限于此，陶渊明也不仅仅是企望人们确认其为真实的存在。

所以，在虚景实写的同时，又实中有虚，有意留下几处似无非无，似有非有，//www.souquanme.com使人费尽猜想也无从寻求答案的话题。桃源人的叮嘱和故事结尾安排的“不复得路”、“规往未果”等情节，虚虚实实，徜恍迷离，便是这些话题中最堪寻味之笔。

它所暗示于世人的是似在人间非在人间，不是人间胜似人间，只可于无意中得之而不可于有意中求之，似乎与“此中有真意，欲辨已忘言”有着某种微妙的内在联系。这虚渺灵奥之区始终蒙着一层神秘的面纱，“借问游方士，焉测尘嚣外”，世人是难以揭晓的。

它的开而复闭，渔人的得而复失，是陶渊明有意留下的千古之谜，“惹得诗人说到今”。可是，他又在《桃花源诗》中透露了一点消息，说“一朝敞神界”之所以“旋复还幽蔽”，乃是因为“淳薄既异源”！

原来桃源民风淳厚，人间世风浇薄，惟恐“使武陵太守至焉，化为争夺之场”（苏轼《和桃花源诗序》），玷污了这块化外的净土，即使像刘子骥那样的人间高尚之士，也得不到一睹仙境的机缘。

扩展资料

《桃花源记》创作背景：

元熙二年（420年）六月，刘裕废晋恭帝为零陵王，次年，刘裕采取阴谋手段，用毒酒杀害晋恭帝。这些不能不激起陶渊明思想的波澜。他无法改变、也不愿干预这种现状，只好借助创作来抒写情怀，以寄托自己的政治理想与美好情趣。《桃花源记》就是在这样的背景下产生的。

《桃花源记》英文对照：

Peach Blossom Shangri-la

During the Taiyuan era of the Jin Dynasty there was a man of Wuling who made his living as a fisherman. Once while following a stream he forgot how far he had gone. He suddenly came to a grove of blossoming peach trees. It lined both banks for several hundred paces and included not a //www.souquanme.comsingle other kind of tree. Petals of the dazzling and fragrant blossoms were falling everywhere in profusion. Thinking this place highly unusual, the fisherman advanced once again in wanting to see how far it went.

The peach trees stopped at the stream's source, where the fisherman came to a mountain with a small opening through which it seemed he could see light. Leaving his boat, he entered the opening. At first it was so narrow that he could barely pass, but after advancing a short distance it suddenly opened up to reveal a broad, flat area with imposing houses, good fields, beautiful ponds, mulberry trees, bamboo, and the like. The fisherman saw paths extending among the fields in all directions, and could hear the sounds of chickens and dogs. Men and women working in the fields all wore clothing that looked like that of foreign lands. The elderly and children all seemed to be happy and enjoying themselves.

The people were amazed to see the fisherman, and they asked him from where he had come. He told them in detail, then the people invited him to their home, set out wine, butchered a chicken, and prepared a meal. Other villagers heard about the fisherman, and they all came to ask him questions. Then the villagers told him, "To avoid the chaos of war during the Qin Dynasty, our ancestors brought their families and villagers to this isolated place and never left it, so we've had no contact with the outside world." They asked the fisherman what the present reign was. They were not even aware of the Han Dynasty, let alone the Wei and Jin.The fisherman told them everything he knew in great detail, and the villagers were amazed and heaved sighs. Then other villagers also invited the fisherman to their homes, where they gave him food and drink. After several days there,the fisherman bid farewell, at which time some villagers told him, "It's not worth telling people on the outside about us."

The fisherman exited through the opening, found his boat, and ret//www.souquanme.comraced his route while leaving markers to find this place again. Upon his arrival at the prefecture town he went to the prefect and told him what had happened. The p搜趣网refect immediately sent a person to follow the fisherman and look for the trail markers, but they got lost and never found the way.

Liu Ziji of Nanyang was a person of noble character. When he heard this story he was happy and planned to visit the Shangri-la, but he died of illness before he could accomplish it. After that no one else ever looked for the place.